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Issues in Personality:
Personality and Well-Being
2004 Winter Term
PSYC 3606
Carleton University
Instructor:
This course will provide an opportunity for students to explore the personality processes that underlie individual differences in happiness and psychological well-being. Selected topics will be drawn from disparate levels of analysis (e.g., from questions of free will to dopamine activity), and will be considered 'in-depth'. The course will be taught in a seminar format. All students will be expected to take personal responsibility for extracting content from the readings, and to actively participate in class discussions (i.e., don't expect much lecturing).
Course Requirements:
In short, this course will require a lot of reading, thinking, and active discussion. For this class, learning is best thought of as a collaborative process. That is, I expect that you will all come to class ready to share brilliant insights on the week’s readings, and thus, students will learn as much from each other as from the readings or me. Our in-class discussions will be the highlight of this course, and to encourage this dialogue, I offer these formal requirements:
In preparing these assignments, please keep in mind that discussion questions should go beyond the readings and be able to provoke thought and discussion. Thought papers are a further extension and/or demonstration of your thinking. More specifically, thought papers are brief essays (200-400 words) that react to the readings by raising a novel, but related, issue or implication, questioning an author's assumption, proposing further research, etc. Thought papers should not provide a summary of information contained in the article. Also, they should not contain a long string of unrelated questions or associations. That is, thought papers should consider a single issue in depth rather than touch lightly on a variety of issues. A good thought paper will provide a unique perspective or argument based on your own thinking, experience, academic and nonacademic knowledge. During the term you must complete three thought papers, but you can choose to write them in any three weeks for which there are scheduled readings. (Only one thought paper per week, and no writing about readings from past weeks.)
You will also write a final paper (12 +/- 3 pages, APA style) that discusses a topic related to personality and well-being. This does not restrict you to the topics we cover in class. (In fact I encourage you to investigate a topic we do not cover.) However, you must have your topic approved. This approval will be based on my evaluation of a brief conceptual outline that describes your topic and gives at least three scholarly references and a brief description of how each is related to your final paper topic. Requirements and suggestions for the final paper and conceptual outline will be discussed further in class.
Finally, most class periods will begin with a short quiz based on the day's readings. These quizzes should not require any special ‘studying’ over and above your preparation for discussion. That is, thoughtful reading and writing of discussion questions will likely lead to acceptable quiz performance.
Evaluation:
Final grades will be calculated using the following weights:
15% Thought Papers (5% each)
15% Participation (including discussion
questions)
25% Quizzes (top 7 marks)
5% Conceptual Outline
40% Final Paper
Quizzes and the final paper will receive standard numeric grades. As noted above, I will use the average of your best 7 quiz grades to calculate your final grade. Because there will be more than 7 quizzes, this means that some of the lower marks will be dropped. However, there are absolutely no make-up quizzes. Missed quizzes (even if due to an acceptable class absence) are recorded as 0. The thought papers and the conceptual outline will be graded on a five point scale where 1 = substandard (corresponding to an alpha grade of C-/D), 2 = OK, but more thought is expected (roughly equivalent to a C/C+), 3 = good (roughly equivalent to a B/B+), 4 = very good (roughly equivalent to an A-/A), and 5 = great (equivalent to an A+).
I will also record the frequency with which you submit discussion questions, as well as whether they are acceptable or not. Although failing to submit good questions once or twice will not have a serious effect on your participation grade, further omissions will. Your active verbal participation during class discussions, including showing respect for other students, will also contribute the participation grade.
Required Readings:
Please see the attached reading list. Most of these articles are available online through the Carleton Library web-page. (The only exceptions are the book chapters.) All readings are also ‘on reserve’ at the library and available for 2 hour loan. Readings are in two course envelopes, which divide the articles by the lead authors’ surnames (A-K and L-Z). I recommend obtaining copies of readings, especially those not available online, well in advance. They may not be available the first time you try to get them (e.g., if another student has them). Additional readings may be announced in class.
A note on plagiarism: Don't do it! Carleton's regulations define plagiarism as, "...to use and pass off as one's own idea or product work of another without expressly giving credit to another." All cases of suspected plagiarism will be investigated, and may result in assignment of severe punishments. See the Undergraduate Calendar (http://www.carleton.ca/cuuc/regulations/049academic.html#140) for more information.
Students with disabilities requiring academic accommodations in this course are encouraged to contact a coordinator at the Paul Menton Centre for Students with Disabilities to complete the necessary letters of accommodation. After registering with the PMC, make an appointment to meet and discuss your needs with me or the TA at least two weeks prior to the first in-class exam. This is necessary in order to ensure sufficient time to make the necessary arrangements.
| Date | Topic or Deadline | Readings |
| Jan 8 | Introduction | Seligman & Csikszentmialyi (2000) (skim) |
| Jan 15 | Free Will | Ryan
& Deci (2000) Schwartz (2000) Wegner & Wheatley (1999) (skim) |
| Jan 22 | Well-Being | Diener
(2000) Ryff (2002) Kahneman (1999) |
| Jan 29 | NO CLASS (think final paper) | Find something good |
| Feb 5 | Extraversion | Canli,
et al. (2002) Robinson et al. (2003) Fleeson et al. (2002) |
| Feb 12 | Emotions and Cognition | Fredrickson
(2001) Lyubomirsky (2001) Gilbert & Wilson (2000) |
| Feb 19 | NO CLASS —Winter Break | |
| Feb 26 | Goals Conceptual Outline Due |
Sheldon
& Elliot (1999) McGregor & Little (1998) |
| Mar 4 | Optimism | Peterson
(2000) Norem & Chang (2002) Langer (2002) |
| Mar 11 | Positive Illusions | Taylor
& Brown (1988) Colvin & Block (1994) |
| Mar 18 | Happiness at Work | Heller
et al. (2002) Judge & Larsen (2001) |
| Mar 25 | Economics
and Society Thought Papers: Last Chance |
Layard (2003, March) (x 2) |
| Apr 1 | TBA Final Papers Due |
TBA |
Colvin, C. R., & Block, J. (1994). Do positive illusions foster mental health? An examination of the Taylor and Brown formulation. Psychological Bulletin, 116 (1), 3-20.
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34-43.
Fleeson, W., Malanos, A. B., & Achille, N. M. (2002). An intraindividual process approach to the relationship between extraversion and positive affect: Is acting extraverted as good as being extraverted? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(6), 1409-1422.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden and build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226.
Giilbert, D. T. & Wison, T. D. (2000). Miswanting: Some problems in the forecasting of future affective states. In J. Forgas (Ed.) Feeling and thinking: The role of affect in social cognition (pp. 178-197). New York: Cambridge.
Heller, D., Judge, T. A., & Watson, D. (2002). The confounding role of personality and trait affectivity in the relationship between job and life satisfaction. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 815-835.
Judge, T. A. & Larsen, R. J. (2001). Dispositional affect and job satisfaction: A review and theoretical extension. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86(1), 67-98.
Kahneman, D. (1999). Objective happiness. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, and N. Schwarz (Eds.) Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 3-25). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Langer, E. (2002). Well-being: mindfulness versus positive evaluation. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.) Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 214-230). New York: Oxford University Press.
Layard, R. (2003, March). Income and happiness: Rethinking economic policy. Paper presented as a Lionel Robbins Memorial Lecture, London School of Economics, London England. http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/LSEPublicLecturesAndEvents/pdf/20030310t0946z002.pdf
Layard, R. (2003, March). What would make a happier society?. Paper presented as a Lionel Robbins Memorial Lecture, London School of Economics, London England. http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/LSEPublicLecturesAndEvents/pdf/20030310t0946z003.pdf
Lyubomirsky, S. (2001) Why are some people happier than others? The role of cognitive and motivational processes in well-being. American Psychologist, 56(3), 239-249.
McGregor, I. M. & Little, B, R. (1998). Personal projects, happiness, and meaning: On doing well and being yourself. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(2), 494-512.
Norem, J. K. & Chang, E. C. (2002). The positive psychology of negative thinking. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(9), 993-1001.
Peterson, C. (2000). The future of optimism. American Psychologist, 55(1), 44-55.
Robinson, M. D., Solberg, E. C., Vargas, P. T., & Tamir, M. (2003). Trait as default: Extraversion, subjective well-being, and the distinction between neutral and positive events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(3), 517-527.
Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78.
Ryff, C. & Singer, B. (2002). From social structure to biology: Integrative science in pursuit of human health and well-being. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.) Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 541-555). New York: Oxford University Press
Schwartz, B. (2000). Self-determination: The tyranny of freedom. American Psychologist, 55(1) 79-88.
Seligman, M.E.P. & Csikszentmialyi M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14. (skim)
Sheldon, K. M. & Elliot, A. J. (1999). Goal striving, need satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: The self-concordance model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(3) 482-497.
Taylor, S.E., & Brown, J. D. (1988). Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychological Bulletin, 103(2), 193-210.
Wegner D. M. &
Wheatley,
T. (1999). Apparent mental causation: Sources of the experience of
will.
American
Psychologist, 54(7), 480-492.
If you have questions about APA style, you will find many helpful hints here.
You will find more links related
personality
and happiness on my lab
web-page.